Runes are an alphabetic script used by the peoples of northern Europe. The runic alphabet was developed from two distant and unknown sources, a magical and literate. The pre-runic (hallrisninger) writing have been found around Europe, most notably Sweden. Over time runes evoved onto many different forms.
Germanic/Elder Futhark

The name is from the first few letters of the alphabet which began 24 letters strong. This alphabet was used by the Swedes, Norwegians, Danes, and Northern Germans.
Anglo-Saxon Futhorc

In the 5th century a big change took place in Frisi(N Holland/NW Germany) coenciding with the Anglo-Saxon invasion and simular runes started to appear in Britian. The forms of several runes changed, 5-9 new letters where added, and many runes where given new corresponding letters.
Younger Futhark
The elder futhark remained in use until sometine in the 8th centry when drastic changes took place to Old Norse and futhark was adapted. The number of runes was reduced to 16 and runes came to represent more then one sound. The forms wher simplified. There are several variations of this futhark.
Source:
http://www.tarahill.com/runes/index.html
Tags: alphabet, charms, futhark, futhorc, runes, writing
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